• The ecosystem effects of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in northern Fennoscandia: Past, present and future 

      Stark, Sari; Horstkotte, Tim; Kumpula, Jouko; Olofsson, Johan; Tømmervik, Hans; Turunen, Minna (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022)
      The semi-domesticated nature of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) makes it a distinct case among the world’s herbivores. Here, we review the literature on how reindeer shape vegetation and soil carbon and nitrogen cycles ...
    • Pastures under pressure. Effects of other land users and the environment 

      Horstkotte, Tim; Kumpula, Jouko; Sandstrom, Per; Tømmervik, Hans; Kivinen, Sonja; Skarin, Anna; Moen, Jon; Sandström, Stefan (Chapter, 2022)
      Reindeer habitats cover most vegetation zones of northern Fennoscandia, from boreal forest to coastal and alpine areas (Chapters 1 and 3). These vegetation zones are used during different seasons for reindeer grazing and ...
    • Reindeer behavioural ecology and use of pastures in pastoral livelihoods 

      Skarin, Anna; Kumpula, Jouko; Tveraa, Torkild; Åhman, Birgitta (Chapter, 2022)
      Reindeer pastoralists have, for centuries, followed free-roaming animals throughout the Eurasian Arctic. The closing of national borders about a century ago forced the reindeer pastoralists to adapt to new conditions. ...